Scotland Cadency
differencing system in scottish heraldry
for cadets other immediate heirs, scottish cadency uses complex , versatile system, applying different kinds of changes in each generation. first, bordure added in different tincture each brother. in subsequent generations bordure may divided in 2 tinctures; edge of bordure, or of ordinary in base coat, may changed straight indented, engrailed or invected; charges may added. these variations allow family tree expressed , unambiguously. (the system outlined here rough version gives flavour of real thing).
in scots heraldic system (which has little clan system), 1 bearer of given surname may bear plain arms. other armigerous persons same surname have arms derived same plain coat; though if actual kinship cannot established, must differenced in way other cadency system mentioned above. quite unlike english system, in surname of armiger irrelevant.
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