Provincial government Roman Empire

the pula arena in croatia 1 of largest , intact of remaining roman amphitheatres

an annexed territory became province in three-step process: making register of cities, taking census of population, , surveying land. further government recordkeeping included births , deaths, real estate transactions, taxes, , juridical proceedings. in 1st , 2nd centuries, central government sent out around 160 officials each year govern outside italy. among these officials roman governors , called in english: either magistrates elected @ rome in name of roman people governed senatorial provinces; or governors, of equestrian rank, held imperium on behalf of emperor in provinces excluded senatorial control, notably roman egypt. governor had make himself accessible people governed, delegate various duties. staff, however, minimal: official attendants (apparitores), including lictors, heralds, messengers, scribes, , bodyguards; legates, both civil , military, of equestrian rank; , friends, ranging in age , experience, accompanied him unofficially.

other officials appointed supervisors of government finances. separating fiscal responsibility justice , administration reform of imperial era. under republic, provincial governors , tax farmers exploit local populations personal gain more freely. equestrian procurators, authority extra-judicial , extra-constitutional, managed both state-owned property , vast personal property of emperor (res privata). because roman government officials few in number, provincial needed legal dispute or criminal case might seek out roman perceived have official capacity, such procurator or military officer, including centurions down lowly stationarii or military police.