History Archduchy of Austria

armor of ferdinand i, holy roman emperor, created then-archduke ferdinand in 1549, reichsadler on boots signifying title king of romans. parade armour crafted eminent master plate armourer kunz lochner nuremberg.

after austria detached bavaria , established imperial estate in 1156, babenberg dukes acquired neighbouring duchy of styria in 1192. after extinction of line in 1246 , occupation king ottokar ii of bohemia, seized habsburg king rudolf of germany, defeated ottokar in 1278 battle on marchfeld , enfeoffed son albert i.

in 1358/59 habsburg duke rudolf iv, in response of golden bull of 1356, claimed archducal title forging privilegium maius. rudolf aimed achieve status comparable empire s 7 prince-electors, holders of traditional imperial arch -offices (cf. archchancellor); however, attempts failed elevation rejected luxembourg emperor charles iv. 1379 treaty of neuberg, heirs divided habsburg lands, whereafter austrian duchy remained under rule of albertinian line.

from duchy archduchy

on epiphany 1453 emperor frederick iii, regent of austria minor albertinian cousin ladislaus posthumous, acknowledged archducal title. conferred habsburg emperors , rulers, non-ruling princes of dynasty, however, still did not carry right vote in imperial election.

frederick further promoted rise of habsburg dynasty european dimensions arrangement of marriage between son maximilian , mary rich, heiress of burgundy in 1477. after maximilian s son philip handsome in 1496 had married joanna mad, queen of castile , kingdom of aragon, son charles v come inheritance on sun never sets .

nevertheless, charles younger brother ferdinand claimed rights , became archduke of austria according estate distribution @ 1521 diet of worms, whereby became regent on austrian archduchy , adjacent inner austrian lands of styria, carinthia, carniola , gorizia (görz). marrying princess anna of bohemia , hungary, ferdinand inherited both kingdoms in 1526. king of romans 1531, became progenitor of austrian branch of house of habsburg (habsburg-lorraine 1745 on), archdukes of austria , kings of bohemia ruled holy roman emperors until empire s dissolution in 1806.

austrian empire

in 1804, emperor francis ii of habsburg promoted territories within holy roman empire kingdom of hungary austrian empire in reaction napoleon s proclamation of french empire; 2 years later francis formally dissolved defunct holy roman empire. archduchy of austria continued exist constituent crown land (kronland) within empire, although divided upper , lower austria purposes. title of archduke continued used members of imperial family , archduchy formally dissolved in 1918 collapse of austria-hungary , creation of separate federal states of lower , upper austria in new republic of german austria.