History Sudbrook, Monmouthshire

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1 history

1.1 sudbrook hill fort
1.2 holy trinity church
1.3 sudbrook village , severn tunnel





history

view of hillfort, showing part of ramparts


sudbrook hill fort

sudbrook of historic importance in guarding severn estuary @ ancient ferry crossing place. iron age hillfort located on coast, built , occupied silures 2nd century bc , occupied romans 1st century ad until 4th century. hillfort bigger having been eroded on centuries. finds of roman coins @ black rock, portskewett, show ferry crossing in use in roman times, on route between roman stations of aquae sulis (bath) , venta silurum (caerwent).


according tradition, caradog freichfras, welsh ruler of gwent in 5th century or 6th century ad, moved court caerwent portskewett area, possibly fort.


holy trinity church

the ruined holy trinity church stands near severn cliff. has fallen sea on centuries. nave walls date 12th century; chancel added in 14th century , south porch in 15th century. preaching cross inside church outside , moved prevent falling sea cliff eroded. area around church site of original medieval village. manor house , other village buildings stood nearby later moved inland, when climate changes in 14th , 15th centuries led widening of estuary , erosion of cliff. 1720 church had fallen down , of churchyard had fallen river human bones graves being found on shore.



severn tunnel old pump house


sudbrook village , severn tunnel

most of sudbrook built new village workers on severn tunnel, on construction began in 1873. first cottages built contractor thomas a. walker in 1877, , rapid development took place on next decade, including school, post office, mission hall , infirmary. of houses - known concrete row - believed first concrete houses built in britain.


also built large pumping station, required pump water tunnel, including 3 large brick engine houses housing 6 steam engines, , ventilation towers. steam engines replaced electrical engines in 1962, , chimney stacks taking smoke furnaces demolished in 1968.


after severn tunnel opened in 1886, walker started shipbuilding business @ sudbrook, using same labour force. continued in operation, building steamers of 700 tonnes, until 1926.


between 1958 , 2006, local employment in village provided large paper mill, made use of water tunnel.








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